Randomized Controlled Trials

In patients with acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure, does a lower vs higher oxygenation target reduce mortality at 90 days?

Primary outcome: 90-day all–cause mortality – no significant difference42.9% vs 42.4% (Risk ratio 1.02, 95% C.I. 0.94-1.11, p = 0.64)

In mechanically ventilated adults with sepsis, does the use of dexmedetomidine, compared with propofol, for continuous sedation improve the number of days alive without delirium or coma?

Trial interventions (dexmedetomidine vs propofol):Median daily dose on days administered (IQR): 0.27 mcg/kg/hr (0.11-0.61) vs 10.2 mcg/kg/min (5.5-18.4)Trial or clinical team aware of the drug used: 13% vs 15%Withdrawal from trial during hospitalisation: 5% vs …

In patients with acute myocardial infarction and anaemia is a restrictive, compared with a liberal transfusion strategy, non-inferior with respect to major adverse cardiovascular outcomes at 30 days?

Primary outcome: 30 day MACE (a composite score of major adverse cardiovascular events – all-cause death, stroke, recurrent MI, emergency revascularisation prompted by ischaemia) At day 30, MACE had occurred in 14% in liberal group …

In patients who are unconscious following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, does targeted hypothermia compared with targeted normothermia, impact all-cause mortality?

No difference in all-cause mortality at 6 months Comparing HYPOTHERMIA vs NORMOTHERMIA 50% (465/925) vs 48% (446/925) RR 1.04 (95% CI 0.94-1.14, p = 0.37) HR for death in hypothermia group 1.08 (95% CI 0.95-1.23)

In mechanically ventilated adults patients with suspected hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy does conservative oxygen therapy when compared with usual oxygen therapy decrease the risk of dying or surviving with an unfavourable …

Primary outcome: Death or survival with an unfavourable neurological outcome at 180 days – no significant difference Unfavourable neurological outcome = Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS-E) category 1-4

In patients older than 65-years with vasodilatory hypotension receiving vasopressors, does a target mean arterial pressure (MAP) of 60-65mmHg compared with usual care impact mortality?

In adults suffering out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) presenting with an initial rhythm of VF or pulseless VT, does the implementation of early ECMO facilitated resuscitation compared to standard …

In patients with chronic subdural haemorrhage, what effect does dexamethasone compared with placebo have on neurological outcome at 6 months?

In adult trauma patients presenting with signs of haemorrhagic shock does the utilisation of a viscoelastic haemostatic assay (VHA) augmented transfusion strategy compared to a strategy augmented by conventional coagulation …

In ICU patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation, does the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) vs. histamine-2 receptor blockers (H2RBs) for stress-ulcer prophylaxis, reduce 90-day mortality?

Post-Hoc Analysis: Difference in mortality was mostly found in the group of patients with high illness severity

In hospitalised patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection does dexamethasone in additional to usual care, compared to usual care alone, reduce 28-day mortality?

In critically ill patients with severe acute kidney injury, does accelerated initiation of renal replacement therapy compared to standard initiation improve 90 day survival?

In post out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients treated with targeted temperature management, does the use of empirical antibiotics prevent early ventilator-associated pneumonia?

In patients with sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome, can intravenous administration of vitamin C, compared to placebo, reduce organ failure scores and biomarkers of inflammation and vascular injury?

In adult patients who have sustained an out of hospital arrhythmia-associated cardiac arrest without an ST-elevation myocardial infarction, is immediate angiography superior to delayed angiography in improving 90-day survival?

In patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), does the administration of tranexamic acid (TXA) under 3 hours from injury, compared with placebo, reduce…

Does titrating positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) with the use of an esophageal balloon to estimate pleural pressure improve outcomes compared with an empirical high PEEP –FiO2 strategy in patients with …

In patients with coma following cardiac arrest with a non-shockable rhythm, does moderate hypothermia vs. normothermia, improve neurological outcome?

In mechanically ventilated ICU patients does a conservative use of oxygen therapy compared to usual oxygen therapy affect the number of ventilator-free-days?

Subgroups: Ischaemic hypoxic encephalopathy - better with conservative Sepsis - better with usual care Acute brain pathologies - better with usual care

Does an open lung ventilation strategy which includes maximal recruitment maneuvers (RMs) and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) titration improve outcomes compared to traditional lung-protective ventilation in patients with moderate – …

In adult ICU patients undergoing tracheal intubation, does bag mask ventilation (BMV) between induction and laryngoscopy reduce the risk of hypoxaemia?

In patients with moderate to severe ARDS, does a strategy of early neuromuscular blockade with heavy sedation, as opposed to usual care with lighter sedation targets, result in a lower …

In patients presenting to the Emergency Department (ED) in cardiac arrest, does a standardised point-of-care ultrasound protocol, compared with usual care, affect the length of resuscitation, frequency of interventions, and …

In ventilated, critically ill patients, does the use of dexmedetomidine as the primary sedative agent compared with usual sedative agents effect 90 day mortality?

No diff 90d mort. improved (24 vs 23 d) coma free, improved (23 vs 22d) ventilator free

In mechanically ventilated, critically ill patients receiving enteral nutrition does energy-dense feed (1.5kCal/ml) compared with routine feed (1kCal/ml) impact on 90 day all cause mortality?